{"id":14449,"date":"2023-01-26T18:51:47","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T16:51:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peregabriel.org\/saintamaria\/?p=14449"},"modified":"2025-03-24T15:25:03","modified_gmt":"2025-03-24T13:25:03","slug":"23-%d8%a2%d8%b0%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%af%d9%91%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d9%81%d9%82%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/peregabriel.org\/saintamaria\/14449\/","title":{"rendered":"23 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 – \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(1832- 1914)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u062c. \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627:” \u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d. \u0633\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0645\u064e\u062a \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0622\u062c\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647”<\/strong>. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0646: \u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a\u062a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u062a\u064e\u0647\u061f \u0641\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627:” \u0623\u064e\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064e\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0650\u061f”.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0643\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1897\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0651\u064e \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0646\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0637\u0641\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0645\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0627 \u0636\u0648\u0645\u0637:” \u0625\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0643\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064e \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u064f\u063a\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u064a \u0623\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639”<\/strong>. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u064f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0647\u0632\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0636\u0651\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062c\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0643\u0651 \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0645\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0637\u064a\u0651\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0643\u0651 \u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a:” \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0623\u064e\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0643\u0651 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0637\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0645\u0631: \u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u062e\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a.<\/strong> \u0641\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0650\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0632\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0651\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0642\u064e \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u064e\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0650\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629”.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629:” \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0639\u0643\u061f \u0641\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a: “\u0648\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u062e\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644”.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0642\u062f\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a 23 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 1914\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u062c\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u064f\u0641\u0650\u0638 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651 \u062c\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064f\u062c\u0650\u062f\u064e \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064f\u0634\u0650\u0641\u064e \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062e\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u062c\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0634\u0631\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u064f\u0646\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0644\u0641\u064e \u062c\u0633\u0645\u064f \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0642\u064e\u062a\u0647\u064f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0651\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u064a\u062a\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0641\u064e\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u064e\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064c\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064f\u062a\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1926\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a 1 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1968.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a 11 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982.\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 17 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a 10 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2001 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0633\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627. \u0622\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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